Media/images/frontpage/products/snapper2-drag@2x.png' alt='Snapper Serial Number Year Code' title='Snapper Serial Number Year Code' />Trinity nuclear test Wikipedia. Trinity was the code name of the first detonation of a nuclear weapon. Snapper Serial Number Year Code' title='Snapper Serial Number Year Code' />It was conducted by the United States Army at 5 2. July 1. 6, 1. 94. Manhattan Project. The test was conducted in the Jornada del Muerto desert about 3. Trinity was the code name of the first detonation of a nuclear weapon. It was conducted by the United States Army at 529 a. July 16, 1945, as part of the. Socorro, New Mexico, on what was then the USAAF Alamogordo Bombing and Gunnery Range now part of White Sands Missile Range. The only structures originally in the vicinity were the Mc. Donald Ranch House and its ancillary buildings, which scientists used as a laboratory for testing bomb components. A base camp was constructed, and there were 4. The code name Trinity was assigned by J. Robert Oppenheimer, the director of the Los Alamos Laboratory, inspired by the poetry of John Donne. Throughout the years of its production, from 1967 to 1998, the Gerber Mark II went through many alterations. Changes in blade steel, blade profile, blade serration. Helpful information and resources on International Farmall tractors from SSB Tractor, a leading provider of tractor parts, manuals, implements and toys. Crime and Gangster Films are developed around the sinister actions of criminals or gangsters, particularly bankrobbers, underworld figures, or. My New Holland TC24DA has serial number HG11709 and my 12LA FEL has serial number YL480053. Is there a site I can find the model year by using the serial numbersThe test was of an implosion designplutonium device, informally nicknamed The Gadget, of the same design as the Fat Man bomb later detonated over Nagasaki, Japan, on August 9, 1. The complexity of the design required a major effort from the Los Alamos Laboratory, and concerns about whether it would work led to a decision to conduct the first nuclear test. Media/images/frontpage/header/snapper2-yosemite_mobile.jpg' alt='Snapper Serial Number Year Code' title='Snapper Serial Number Year Code' />The test was planned and directed by Kenneth Bainbridge. Fears of a fizzle led to the construction of a steel containment vessel called Jumbo that could contain the plutonium, allowing it to be recovered, but Jumbo was not used. A rehearsal was held on May 7, 1. The Gadgets detonation released the explosive energy of about 2. TNT 9. 2 TJ. Observers included Vannevar Bush, James Chadwick, James Conant, Thomas Farrell, Enrico Fermi, Richard Feynman, Leslie Groves, Robert Oppenheimer, Geoffrey Taylor, and Richard Tolman. The test site was declared a National Historic Landmark district in 1. National Register of Historic Places the following year. BackgroundeditThe creation of nuclear weapons arose from scientific and political developments of the 1. The decade saw many new discoveries about the nature of atoms, including the existence of nuclear fission. The concurrent rise of fascist governments in Europe led to a fear of a German nuclear weapon project, especially among scientists who were refugees from Nazi Germany and other fascist countries. When their calculations showed that nuclear weapons were theoretically feasible, the British and United States governments supported an all out effort to build them. These efforts were transferred to the authority of the U. S. Army in June 1. Manhattan Project. Brigadier General. Leslie R. Groves, Jr., was appointed its director in September 1. The weapons development portion of this project was located at the Los Alamos Laboratory in northern New Mexico, under the directorship of physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer. The University of Chicago, Columbia University and the Radiation Laboratory at the University of California, Berkeley conducted other development work. Production of the fissileisotopesuranium 2. Uranium enrichment was carried out at the Clinton Engineer Works near Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Theoretically, enriching uranium was feasible through pre existing techniques, but it proved difficult to scale to industrial levels and was extremely costly. Only 0. 7. 1 percent of natural uranium was uranium 2. Plutonium is a synthetic element with complicated physical, chemical and metallurgical properties. It is not found in nature in appreciable quantities. Until mid 1. 94. In April 1. Emilio Segr, the head of the Los Alamos Laboratorys P 5 Radioactivity Group, received the first sample of reactor bred plutonium from the X 1. Movie A Beautiful Mind In 3Gp. Graphite Reactor at Oak Ridge. He discovered that, in addition to the plutonium 2. The Manhattan Project produced plutonium in nuclear reactors at the Hanford Engineer Works near Hanford, Washington. The longer the plutonium remained irradiated inside a reactornecessary for high yields of the metalthe greater the content of the plutonium 2. The extra neutrons it released meant that there was an unacceptably high probability that plutonium in a gun type fission weapon would detonate too soon after a critical mass was formed, producing a fizzlea nuclear explosion many times smaller than a full explosion. This meant that the Thin Man bomb design that the laboratory had developed would not work properly. The Laboratory turned to an alternative, albeit more technically difficult, design, an implosion type nuclear weapon. In September 1. 94. John von Neumann had proposed a design in which a fissile core would be surrounded by two different high explosives that produced shock waves of different speeds. Alternating the faster and slower burning explosives in a carefully calculated configuration would produce a compressive wave upon their simultaneous detonation. This so called explosive lens focused the shock waves inward with enough force to rapidly compress the plutonium core to several times its original density. This reduced the size of a critical mass, making it supercritical. It also activated a small neutron source at the center of the core, which assured that the chain reaction began in earnest at the right moment. Such a complicated process required research and experimentation in engineering and hydrodynamics before a practical design could be developed. The entire Los Alamos Laboratory was reorganized in August 1. PreparationeditDecisioneditThe idea of testing the implosion device was brought up in discussions at Los Alamos in January 1. Oppenheimer to approach Groves. Groves gave approval, but he had concerns. The Manhattan Project had spent a great deal of money and effort to produce the plutonium and he wanted to know whether there would be a way to recover it. The Laboratorys Governing Board then directed Norman Ramsey to investigate how this could be done. In February 1. 94. Ramsey proposed a small scale test in which the explosion was limited in size by reducing the number of generations of chain reactions, and that it take place inside a sealed containment vessel from which the plutonium could be recovered. The means of generating such a controlled reaction were uncertain, and the data obtained would not be as useful as that from a full scale explosion. Oppenheimer argued that the implosion gadget must be tested in a range where the energy release is comparable with that contemplated for final use. In March 1. Grovess tentative approval for testing a full scale explosion inside a containment vessel, although Groves was still worried about how he would explain the loss of a billion dollars worth of plutonium to a Senate Committee in the event of a failure. Code nameeditThe exact origin of the code name Trinity for the test is unknown, but it is often attributed to Oppenheimer as a reference to the poetry of John Donne, which in turn references the Christian notion of the Trinity three fold nature of God. In 1. 96. 2, Groves wrote to Oppenheimer about the origin of the name, asking if he had chosen it because it was a name common to rivers and peaks in the West and would not attract attention, and elicited this reply I did suggest it, but not on that ground . Why I chose the name is not clear, but I know what thoughts were in my mind. There is a poem of John Donne, written just before his death, which I know and love. From it a quotation As West and East. In all flatt Mapsand I am oneare one,So death doth touch the Resurrection. That still does not make a Trinity, but in another, better known devotional poem Donne opens,Batter my heart, three persond God. OrganizationeditIn March 1. Crime and Gangster Films. Crime. and Gangster Filmsare. In. the 1. 94. 0s, a new type of crime thriller emerged, more dark and cynical. Criminal. and gangster films are often categorized as post war film. Crime films encompass or cross over many levels. See also AFIs 1. Top 1. The Top 1. Gangster Films Crime stories in this genre often highlight the life of a. Or they glorify the rise and fall of. Headline grabbing situations, real life gangsters. Gangstercrime films. Exotic locales for crimes often add an element of adventure and wealth. Writers dreamed up appropriate gangland jargon for the tales, such as tommy. Film gangsters are usually materialistic, street smart, immoral. Rivalry with other criminals in gangster. Crime plots also include. They rise to power with a tough cruel facade while showing. Gangster films are often morality tales Horatio Alger. American Dream success stories turned upside down. Often from poor immigrant families, gangster characters often. Although they are doomed. Early Crime Gangster Films Until the Dawn of the. Talkies Criminalgangster. They date. back to the early days of film during the silent era. In. fact, even Edwin S. Porters silent short western The. Great Train Robbery 1. Perhaps the earliest crime film. Sherlock. Holmes Baffled 1. Mutoscope machines. It was also the earliest known. Sherlock Holmes. The plot was about how the famed. Arthur Conan Doyle detective, a cigar smoking gentleman, was baffled. Also, The Adventures of Sherlock. Holmes 1. 90. 5. Vitagraph although now a lost film has been considered. Sherlock Holmes film since it was created for a theatrical. Mutoscope production. One of the first films. D. W. Griffiths The. Musketeers of Pig Alley 1. It wasnt. the first gangster movie ever made, but it was the first significant. Outdoor scenes were shot in the gangland. NYCs Lower East Side with its slum tenements, and cast. The story was about a poor. Little Lady Lillian Gish who was threatened. Snapper Kid Elmer Booth the gangster. Musketeers. Note There were some one reel gangster films before. Griffiths film, such as Biographs The Moonshiners 1. Edwin. S. Porters and Wallace Mc. Cutcheons primitive chase film A Desperate. Encounter Between Burglars And Police 1. Mc. Cutcheons. docu melodrama kidnapping story The Black Hand 1. French director Louis Feuillades Fantomas series. Gaumont film studio popularized the crime serial Fantomas. Fr. featured the character of supercriminal Fantomas. Ren Navarre. Based. Marcel Allain and Pierre Souvestre, Fantomas was. Other. characters included police inspector Juve Edmund Breon. Fandor Georges Melchior, who worked to bring. The five episodes were Fantmas LOmbre de la Guillotine. Fr. aka In the Shadow of the Guillotine Juve Against Fantomas 1. Fr. aka Juve versus. Fantomas The Dead Man Who Killed 1. Fr. aka The Murderous. Corpse Fantomas. Against Fantomas 1. Fr. aka Fantomas versus Fantomas Le Faux Magistrat 1. Fr. aka The False Magistrate Feuillades later Judex 1. Fr., another popular. Traffic in Souls 1. While New York Sleeps. NYC, although. the film exploitatively promised steamy sex in its advertisements. Mutual. released The. Gangsters and the Girl 1. Charles Ray as. undercover Detective John Stone investigating neighborhood urban. Raoul. Walshs first feature film, the silent crime drama The Regeneration. It showcased violent lawlessness on the streets of New York it was. NYCs Bowery District on the Lower East Side. Irish American slum boy named Owen Conway. Rockliffe Fellowes as a 2. He grew up to become a. However, he was regenerated saved from a life. Marie. Deering Anna Q. Nilsson. The upcoming 1. It was the period of Prohibition, grimy. Josef von Sternbergs gangland melodrama Underworld. George Bancroft and Clive Brook, reflected the 1. It has often been considered the first modern. It won the Best Original. Story Award for Ben Hecht the first Oscar ever awarded. Hechts two Oscar wins. The first gangster. Underworld, a breeding ground. And Lewis Milestones The Racket 1. Howard Hughes produced film, concentrated on big city corruption and. Chicago because. of its negative depiction of the police. Expressionistic German Crime Films Three. German directors contributed a number of expressionistic black and. Robert Wiene. F. W. Murnau. Fritz Lang Robert. Wienes The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari 1. 91. 91. Germ. aka. Das Kabinett Des Doktor Caligari told. Dr. Caligari Werner Kraus. He used. his power of hypnotism to commit crimes, through his performing somnambulist. Cesare Conrad Veidt. The influential film featured the shadowy. Caligari, with twisted alleyways, lopsided doors, cramped. F. W. Murnaus silent classic Sunrise. George. OBrien who fell for the allure of a sophisticated, vampish seductresstemptress. Margaret Livingston from the City. She tempted him under the. Janet Gaynor by drowning her. City. German. director Fritz Lang also released several important silent crime films. Dr. Mabuse films about a mastermind character Dr. Mabuse, The Gambler Parts I and II 1. The Testament of Dr. Mabuse. 1. 93. 3 aka Das Testament das Dr. Mabuse, a crime thriller. Langs second sound feature, resurrected the ruthless genius. Rudolf Klein Rogge running a crime ring while imprisoned, and. Scotland Yard detective Otto Wernicke in pursuit. The film was noted for a spectacular car chase scene, explosions. The government interpreted the film as subversive. Nazi sentiments causing Lang to hurriedly leave. Germany he soon relocated in the US and ended up directing in. Hollywood by 1. 93. Note Ironically, the legendary directors. Germany since 1. 93. The. 1. 00. 0 Eyes of Dr. Mabuse 1. 96. 0. Langs most seminal film was M 1. Germ. his first sound feature bridging the gap between silents and talkies. It was an expressionistic psychological thriller about a child. The pedophile psychopath was identified. Hans Beckert Peter Lorre his coat back was marked in chalk. M. He. was caught hiding in an attic, and taken to a large abandoned. The Gangster Film in the Era of the Talking Picture It wasnt until the sound era and the 1. The events of the Prohibition Era until 1. St. Valentines Day Massacre of 1. Al Capone, John Dillinger, Pretty Boy Floyd, Baby. Face Nelson and the rise of contemporary organized crime and escalation. On the other side. G Men or government men led by the FBIs J. Edgar Hoover. Many of the sensationalist plots of. The allied rackets. They. vicariously experienced the gangsters satisfaction with flaunting. Movies flaunted the. The talkies era accounted for the rise of crime films, because. The. perfection of sound technology and mobile cameras also aided their spread. The first 1. 00 all talking picture and, of course, the first sound. The Lights of New York 1. Rouben Mamoulians City Streets. Dashiell Hammett was reportedly Al Capones. Rtf To Doc Converter C# on this page. Gary Cooper and Sylvia Sydney as two lovers trapped. And Tay Garnetts violent Bad Company 1. St. Valentines. Day. Three Classic Early Gangster Films from Warner Bros Warner Bros. Warners gangster cycle. Edward G. Robinson, James Cagney, and Humphrey. Bogart. Others who were early gangster stars included Paul Muni. George Raft. Three. The lead role in each film a gangstercriminal. Prohibition Era was glorified as he rose. The first two films in the cycle were released almost. Warner Bros, setting the pattern for numerous imitators. Little. Caesar 1. Mervyn Le. Roy, starred Edward.